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“La violence croissante des gangs en dehors de Port-au-Prince – où la présence de l'État est extrêmement limitée – a fait plus de 1 000 morts et forcé des centaines de milliers de personnes à fuir depuis octobre 2024,” a déclaré l'orateur du Bureau des droits de l'homme de l'ONU, Ravina Shamdasani, lors du point de presse bihebdomadaire à Genève.
Le massacre de Pont Sondé dans la région de la Basse Artibonite en octobre 2024 a marqué un tournant majeur dans le cycle de violence entre les gangs et les soi-disant groupes d'‘autodéfense’, a-t-elle souligné. Plusieurs autres massacres ont suivi, provoquant des déplacements massifs, notamment dans la ville de Mirebalais dans le département du Centre qui, plus tôt cette année, a vu tous ses 100 000 habitants fuir.
“Entre le 1er octobre 2024 et le 30 juin de cette année, le nombre total de meurtres à travers Haïti était de 4 864. Parmi eux, au moins 1 018 personnes ont été tuées dans les régions de l'Artibonite et du Centre, ainsi qu'à Ganthier et Fonds Parisien à l'ouest de la zone métropolitaine de Port-au-Prince,” a déclaré Shamdasani.
Le rapport montre comment la violence a fortement augmenté ces derniers mois, en particulier dans les départements de la Basse Artibonite et du Centre, alors que les gangs continuent d'étendre leur influence le long des routes clés dans le nord et le centre du pays, et vers la République dominicaine.
“L'expansion du contrôle territorial des gangs pose un risque majeur de propagation de la violence et d'augmentation du trafic transnational d'armes et de personnes,” a souligné l'orateur.
Les autorités haïtiennes ont déployé des unités de police spécialisées, soutenues par la mission de Soutien à la Sécurité Multinationale (MSS), ralentissant dans une certaine mesure les avancées des gangs. Cependant, en raison de leur manque de ressources, elles n'ont pas été en mesure de reprendre le contrôle des zones affectées.
Dans ce contexte, les abus des droits de l'homme par les groupes d'autodéfense ont augmenté. Des exécutions sommaires impliquant les forces de sécurité haïtiennes ont également été commises contre des individus accusés de soutenir les gangs, indique le rapport.
“Pris au milieu de cette histoire d'horreur sans fin, le peuple haïtien est à la merci de la violence horrible des gangs et exposé aux violations des droits de l'homme par les forces de sécurité ainsi qu'aux abus des soi-disant groupes d'‘autodéfense’,” a déclaré Shamdasani.
“Les violations et abus des droits de l'homme que nous avons documentés sont une preuve supplémentaire de la raison pour laquelle Haïti et la communauté internationale doivent d'urgence intensifier leurs efforts pour mettre fin à cette violence,” a-t-elle déclaré.
“Nous appelons les autorités haïtiennes à s'assurer que la police dispose des ressources nécessaires pour lutter contre les gangs, dans le plein respect du droit international des droits de l'homme. Des unités judiciaires spécialisées sont nécessaires pour combattre la corruption et les crimes de masse, y compris la violence sexuelle,” a-t-elle ajouté.
“Il est crucial que la communauté internationale renforce son soutien aux autorités, qui ont la responsabilité première de protéger la population haïtienne,” a déclaré Shamdasani.
La communauté internationale doit également s'assurer et maintenir la pleine capacité opérationnelle du BINUH afin que le bureau puisse continuer à conseiller et soutenir le gouvernement haïtien dans ses efforts pour renforcer la bonne gouvernance et garantir le respect et la promotion des droits de l'homme.
Le renforcement de la mission MSS et la mise en œuvre complète de l'embargo sur les armes seront également essentiels pour rétablir la sécurité et l'état de droit en Haïti.
Pour plus d'informations et demandes médias, veuillez contacter (SUPPRIMER SELON LE CAS)
Ravina Shamdasani: +41 22 917 9169 / ravina.shamdasani@un.org
Liz Throssell: +41 22 917 9296 / elizabeth.throssell@un.org
Taguez et partagez - Twitter: @UNHumanRights et Facebook: unitednationshumanrights
HISTOIRE : Orateur des droits de l'homme de l'ONU, Ravina Shamdasani, sur l'escalade de la violence des gangs en Haïti
TRT : 02:17
SOURCE : OHCHR
RESTRICTIONS : AUCUNE
LANGUE : Anglais/NATS
FORMAT D'IMAGE : 16:9
DATELINE : 11 juillet 2025 GENÈVE, SUISSE
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Highlighting the long-term decline in the Earth’s freshwater storage and glacier melt, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo explained that the planet’s water reserves used to act as a planetary “savings account” that absorbed the occasional dry season, avoiding a water crisis. “One of the central stories of the 2025 report is what is happening to that savings account? And the simple answer is that we are depleting it,” she told journalists in Geneva.
Groundwater reserves are equally stretched and have been in decline since 2014, WMO’s report states, with nearly two-thirds of monitored wells worldwide showing levels lower than the historical norm and indicating a shift “further toward deficit…not recovery”.
“At the same time, we are seeing more water-related disasters,” Ms. Saulo said, while also stressing that the currently strengthening El Niño “will increase the risk of drought in some areas, and flooding in others”.
Glaciers disappearing
In 2025, for the fourth consecutive year, every major glaciated region on Earth lost ice mass, leading to short-term hazards including floods and long-term water insecurity, according to WMO.
Responding to a question about whether the changing global water cycle might have contributed to the deadly Nepal-China flooding disaster, Ms. Saulo explained that melting ice and rock was just one factor in the chain of events that ultimately sent a massive and deadly wall of water and debris downstream on 26 August, killing at least 1,367 people.
“You asked if it could happen again? Absolutely; the problem in this region is that there’s 63,700 glaciers at the last count,” she told a Press Conference in Geneva. “Even if you’re looking with remote sensing with satellites at these glaciers, you might see some faults, you might see some slight shifting, that does not mean necessarily catastrophic collapse. So, in order to plan for this, it’s very, very difficult. But the international community is looking very hard at ways in which we can bring people together to solve some of these monitoring issues.”
Data indicates that glaciers shrank between 2023 and 2025 with cumulative losses of 1,400 gigatonnes of water – or about one third of annual fresh water needs.
Every major glacier region on Earth lost ice for the fourth consecutive year.
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Some regions with smaller glaciers such as Central Europe, the Caucasus, the western Canada and the United States may already have reached “peak water”, Mr. Jenkinson warned.
“After this point, the glacier gives less meltwater each year simply because there is less ice left to melt. That matters for every community downstream that relies on water during hot, dry summers,” he explained.
Narelle van der Wel, WMO’s Head of Cryosphere Monitoring, Predictions and Services, stressed that while some further glacier loss is unavoidable, the eventual scale of the decline is not predetermined.
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Preparing for moving baselines
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Mr. Jenkinson said governments need to prepare for “moving baselines” as historical patterns become less reliable.
“The situation 30 years ago is not where we are today,” he said. Countries, he added, need to prepare “for those changes that have really already arrived”.
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