Speakers:
Mayors and cities blaze the trail for a sustainable Covid-19 recovery
In the first major global meeting of local official since the onset of the COVID-19 pandemic, mayors gathered both physically and virtually at the UN in Geneva today to discuss current challenges, lessons learned and best practices.
The “Forum of Mayors”, as the event is called, was the first-ever such event convened by the United Nations Economic Commission for Europe (UNECE) and its Committee on Urban Development, Housing and Land Management
“We, the local elected officials, are on the front line, the representatives of the institutional structure which is closest to the population”, said Sami Kanaan, the mayor of Geneva.
“We are the most suited to understand the needs, aspirations and concerns of the population,” Mr. Kanaan said. “We are confronted on a daily basis with the very concrete problems of local communities, in particular on climate change and resilience in the face of crises, the key topics of today”.
Renowned British architect Lord Foster noted in his special address to the mayors that ”the pandemic has accelerated magnified trends which already existed before the pandemic”.
“The history of cities is the history of crisis, is the history of change, and historically cities have in the long term benefited from crisis. They have ended up as better cities,” Lord Foster said.
With 75 per cent of today’s population living in cities, the current health crisis made the need for more robust cities more evident than ever before. The pandemic has amplified and exposed the vulnerabilities of current urban realities, including overcrowded public transport, inadequate and unsanitary settlements, high levels of air pollution, and the lack of open green spaces to allow for social distancing.
According to UNECE, urban policymaking around the world remains decentralized. Insufficient exchange between the national and local governments makes it even more difficult for mayors and urban authorities to address such cross-cutting challenges.
Speakers from 32 cities as diverse as Glasgow, Milan, Kazan, Reykjavík, and Belgrade, sent a clear message that healthy populations require investments in making cities more resilient and sustainable. Some examples of their initiatives included: introducing temporary public spaces where people can walk or cycle while practicing social distancing, experimenting with new means of public transport, and decarbonizing heating systems.
In her opening remarks Olga Algayerova, Executive Secretary of the United Nations Economic Commission (UNECE) highlighted the chance to seize opportunities in the midst of crisis. “COVID-19 continues to be catastrophic” she said. “It also offers a chance to transform our cities and create a new normal. A ‘normal’ that benefits all people and our planet”.
“It is often said that cities are the places where future happens,” Ms Algayerova added . “Cities have always been a real-life testing ground for human innovation. Now we are presented with a life-time opportunity where we can shape our future more than ever before.”
Calling for a new era for the cooperation between national and local governments, Tatiana Valovaya, Director-General of the United Nations at Geneva said that “as frontline responders to this major health crisis, local governments are demonstrating the indispensable role in tackling the pandemic. But also in the achievement of the Sustainable Development Goals”.
Ms. Valovaya also spoke of the 75th anniversary of the United Nations this year, and the need to reinvigorate the organization by continuing to expanding participation to include more than national governments. Ms. Valovaya spoke of “the necessity of building more than multilateralism -- multilateralism of the 21 century, inclusive multilateralism which will include as key actors not only the governments but also international organizations, regional organizations, cities, local communities, private sector, professionals, academic experts, groups of young people and citizen as such. ”
“It is promising to see that local actors play a great role in advancing and revitalizing international cooperation, ” the UN Director-General said.
To mark the close cooperation between national and local authorities, city mayors and ambassadors got together for some soccer fun on the lawn of the Palais des Nations, under the theme “United for Our Goals” – shooting penalties with the aim to be the first to score 17 goals (in a nod to the 17 Sustainable Development Goals, or SDGs).
The outcome document from the meeting, known Geneva Declaration of Mayors, provides a blueprint for concrete steps that local authorities will take in the coming months and years to realize their cities’ potential for greater sustainability. It addresses concrete steps to be taken on climate action, urban tree planting, sustainable energy and transport, as well as affordable and adequate housing.
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New data showing that rivers were at their lowest level for decades last year provides further evidence that the climate crisis is real and countries must act immediately to protect themselves from the increasing threat to communities and livelihoods, the UN World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said on Thursday.
The key findings from WMO’s State of Global Water Resources 2025 report covering the hydrological cycle and extreme events in the five-year period to last year:
Highlighting the long-term decline in the Earth’s freshwater storage and glacier melt, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo explained that the planet’s water reserves used to act as a planetary “savings account” that absorbed the occasional dry season, avoiding a water crisis. “One of the central stories of the 2025 report is what is happening to that savings account? And the simple answer is that we are depleting it,” she told journalists in Geneva.
Groundwater reserves are equally stretched and have been in decline since 2014, WMO’s report states, with nearly two-thirds of monitored wells worldwide showing levels lower than the historical norm and indicating a shift “further toward deficit…not recovery”.
“At the same time, we are seeing more water-related disasters,” Ms. Saulo said, while also stressing that the currently strengthening El Niño “will increase the risk of drought in some areas, and flooding in others”.
Glaciers disappearing
In 2025, for the fourth consecutive year, every major glaciated region on Earth lost ice mass, leading to short-term hazards including floods and long-term water insecurity, according to WMO.
Responding to a question about whether the changing global water cycle might have contributed to the deadly Nepal-China flooding disaster, Ms. Saulo explained that melting ice and rock was just one factor in the chain of events that ultimately sent a massive and deadly wall of water and debris downstream on 26 August, killing at least 1,367 people.
“You asked if it could happen again? Absolutely; the problem in this region is that there’s 63,700 glaciers at the last count,” she told a Press Conference in Geneva. “Even if you’re looking with remote sensing with satellites at these glaciers, you might see some faults, you might see some slight shifting, that does not mean necessarily catastrophic collapse. So, in order to plan for this, it’s very, very difficult. But the international community is looking very hard at ways in which we can bring people together to solve some of these monitoring issues.”
Data indicates that glaciers shrank between 2023 and 2025 with cumulative losses of 1,400 gigatonnes of water – or about one third of annual fresh water needs.
Every major glacier region on Earth lost ice for the fourth consecutive year.
“All 19 glacier regions around the globe lost ice; in Central Asia, Iceland, the Russian Arctic and western Canada and the United States, it was among the three worst years on record,” said Wayne Jenkinson, WMO’s Director of Hydrology and Cryosphere.
Some regions with smaller glaciers such as Central Europe, the Caucasus, the western Canada and the United States may already have reached “peak water”, Mr. Jenkinson warned.
“After this point, the glacier gives less meltwater each year simply because there is less ice left to melt. That matters for every community downstream that relies on water during hot, dry summers,” he explained.
Narelle van der Wel, WMO’s Head of Cryosphere Monitoring, Predictions and Services, stressed that while some further glacier loss is unavoidable, the eventual scale of the decline is not predetermined.
“Some glacier loss is inevitable, but total loss of glaciers is not yet inevitable,” she said, pointing to emissions reductions as central to limiting future losses.
Preparing for moving baselines
The report does not attribute every observed change to climate change alone. WMO says pressure on water resources and natural variability also contribute.
Mr. Jenkinson said governments need to prepare for “moving baselines” as historical patterns become less reliable.
“The situation 30 years ago is not where we are today,” he said. Countries, he added, need to prepare “for those changes that have really already arrived”.
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