Les pauses humanitaires dans les combats à Gaza permettront à la campagne de vaccination contre la polio de commencer dimanche, selon l'OMS
Les Nations Unies ont conclu un accord provisoire avec les parties impliquées dans la guerre à Gaza pour des pauses humanitaires afin de permettre la vaccination de 640 000 enfants en pleine épidémie du virus. Selon le représentant de l'Organisation mondiale de la santé (OMS) pour les territoires palestiniens occupés, le Dr Rik Peeperkorn, la campagne de vaccination en deux tours doit commencer le 1er septembre dans le centre de Gaza pendant trois jours, puis se déplacer vers les zones sud et nord. Une deuxième dose sera administrée après quatre semaines.
“Pendant chaque tour de la campagne, le ministère palestinien de la Santé, en collaboration avec l'Organisation mondiale de la santé, l'UNICEF, l'UNRWA et les partenaires, fournira deux gouttes de vaccin oral antipoliomyélitique de type 2 (nOPV2) à plus de 640 000 enfants de moins de 10 ans,” a déclaré le Dr Peeperkorn aux journalistes à Genève.
La campagne est prête après la livraison de 1,26 million de doses de vaccins à Gaza et de 500 transporteurs de vaccins. Selon l'agence de santé des Nations Unies, 400 000 doses de vaccins supplémentaires arriveront bientôt à Gaza.
Parlant depuis Gaza, le Dr Peeperkorn a salué un engagement préliminaire avec l'armée israélienne pour des “pauses humanitaires spécifiques à certaines zones” pendant la campagne de vaccination. “Nous appelons toutes les parties à suspendre les combats pour permettre aux enfants et aux familles d'accéder en toute sécurité aux établissements de santé et aux travailleurs de proximité communautaire d'atteindre les enfants qui ne peuvent pas accéder aux établissements de santé pour la vaccination contre la polio,” a-t-il déclaré.
Sans pauses humanitaires, la campagne - une tâche massive dans n'importe quel contexte, sans parler après plus de 10 mois de combats intenses, de pertes massives et de déplacements ainsi que de propagation de maladies - ne sera pas possible, a averti l'OMS.
La campagne sera déployée en phases de trois jours chacune, en commençant par le centre de Gaza, suivi du sud et enfin du nord de Gaza. Les vaccinations seront prolongées d'un jour partout où cela sera nécessaire pour tenir compte des pics de violence, des routes détruites et des dommages aux infrastructures - tous des obstacles supplémentaires qui pourraient entraver l'objectif d'atteindre une couverture vaccinale suffisante en trois jours dans chaque zone. Une couverture vaccinale d'au moins 90 % pendant chaque tour de la campagne est nécessaire pour arrêter l'épidémie et prévenir la propagation internationale de la polio.
L'agence de santé des Nations Unies coordonnera avec toutes les parties, y compris l'unité de coordination humanitaire israélienne, COGAT, pour assurer un accès sûr aux établissements de santé pour les enfants et les familles.
“La sécurité est primordiale” pour plus de 2 180 travailleurs de la santé et travailleurs de proximité communautaire prêts à soutenir la campagne, a insisté le Dr Peeperkorn. Les vaccins seront livrés à 392 emplacements et complétés par environ 300 équipes mobiles - un arrangement “pas idéal” - mais qui a été convenu “avec toutes les parties,” a-t-il poursuivi. “Nous ferons de notre mieux pour atteindre une couverture de 90 %.”
Selon l'OMS, la vaccination de routine a été “très bien reçue” à Gaza et en Cisjordanie historiquement, les parents étant désireux d'amener leurs enfants pour la vaccination. La couverture était aussi élevée que 95 % les années précédentes, plus élevée que dans de nombreux pays.
Au milieu d'un quatrième jour d'opérations militaires israéliennes en Cisjordanie, les humanitaires ont exprimé des préoccupations concernant la sécurité des civils et des équipes d'aide.
Les raids des forces de sécurité israéliennes (ISF) dans les zones densément peuplées de Jénine et de Tulkarem auraient tué au moins 15 personnes. “L'accessibilité sans entrave des installations est cruciale pour atteindre et recevoir des soins, mais aussi pour fournir une aide sanitaire. Nous appelons à la protection des infrastructures, des ambulances, des travailleurs de la santé autour des hôpitaux, des établissements de santé,” a réitéré le Dr Peeperkorn.
Le secrétaire général de l'ONU, António Guterres, a condamné la situation tard mercredi, appelant à une “cessation immédiate” des opérations israéliennes dans les TPO.
Depuis le début de la guerre, 652 Palestiniens ont également été tués en Cisjordanie et à Jérusalem-Est, dont 150 enfants, selon le ministère palestinien de la Santé. Plus de 5 400 personnes ont été blessées.
Fin.
Histoire : “Campagne de vaccination contre la polio à Gaza – OMS” – 30 août 2024
Orateur :
TRT : 02’36”
SOURCE : UNTV CH
LANGUE : ANGLAIS / NATS
RATIO D'ASPECT : 16:9
DATELINE : 30 août 2024 - GENÈVE, SUISSE
Conférence de presse à Genève
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Edited News , Press Conferences | WMO
New data showing that rivers were at their lowest level for decades last year provides further evidence that the climate crisis is real and countries must act immediately to protect themselves from the increasing threat to communities and livelihoods, the UN World Meteorological Organization (WMO) said on Thursday.
The key findings from WMO’s State of Global Water Resources 2025 report covering the hydrological cycle and extreme events in the five-year period to last year:
Highlighting the long-term decline in the Earth’s freshwater storage and glacier melt, WMO Secretary-General Celeste Saulo explained that the planet’s water reserves used to act as a planetary “savings account” that absorbed the occasional dry season, avoiding a water crisis. “One of the central stories of the 2025 report is what is happening to that savings account? And the simple answer is that we are depleting it,” she told journalists in Geneva.
Groundwater reserves are equally stretched and have been in decline since 2014, WMO’s report states, with nearly two-thirds of monitored wells worldwide showing levels lower than the historical norm and indicating a shift “further toward deficit…not recovery”.
“At the same time, we are seeing more water-related disasters,” Ms. Saulo said, while also stressing that the currently strengthening El Niño “will increase the risk of drought in some areas, and flooding in others”.
Glaciers disappearing
In 2025, for the fourth consecutive year, every major glaciated region on Earth lost ice mass, leading to short-term hazards including floods and long-term water insecurity, according to WMO.
Responding to a question about whether the changing global water cycle might have contributed to the deadly Nepal-China flooding disaster, Ms. Saulo explained that melting ice and rock was just one factor in the chain of events that ultimately sent a massive and deadly wall of water and debris downstream on 26 August, killing at least 1,367 people.
“You asked if it could happen again? Absolutely; the problem in this region is that there’s 63,700 glaciers at the last count,” she told a Press Conference in Geneva. “Even if you’re looking with remote sensing with satellites at these glaciers, you might see some faults, you might see some slight shifting, that does not mean necessarily catastrophic collapse. So, in order to plan for this, it’s very, very difficult. But the international community is looking very hard at ways in which we can bring people together to solve some of these monitoring issues.”
Data indicates that glaciers shrank between 2023 and 2025 with cumulative losses of 1,400 gigatonnes of water – or about one third of annual fresh water needs.
Every major glacier region on Earth lost ice for the fourth consecutive year.
“All 19 glacier regions around the globe lost ice; in Central Asia, Iceland, the Russian Arctic and western Canada and the United States, it was among the three worst years on record,” said Wayne Jenkinson, WMO’s Director of Hydrology and Cryosphere.
Some regions with smaller glaciers such as Central Europe, the Caucasus, the western Canada and the United States may already have reached “peak water”, Mr. Jenkinson warned.
“After this point, the glacier gives less meltwater each year simply because there is less ice left to melt. That matters for every community downstream that relies on water during hot, dry summers,” he explained.
Narelle van der Wel, WMO’s Head of Cryosphere Monitoring, Predictions and Services, stressed that while some further glacier loss is unavoidable, the eventual scale of the decline is not predetermined.
“Some glacier loss is inevitable, but total loss of glaciers is not yet inevitable,” she said, pointing to emissions reductions as central to limiting future losses.
Preparing for moving baselines
The report does not attribute every observed change to climate change alone. WMO says pressure on water resources and natural variability also contribute.
Mr. Jenkinson said governments need to prepare for “moving baselines” as historical patterns become less reliable.
“The situation 30 years ago is not where we are today,” he said. Countries, he added, need to prepare “for those changes that have really already arrived”.
ends
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