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COVID-19 measures worsen abuse and hunger in North Korea, Human Rights Council hears
Measures taken by the Democratic People's Republic of Korea (DPRK) to contain the spread of the novel coronavirus have exacerbated human rights violations and socio-economic hardship, a UN-appointed independent rights expert told the Human rights Council on Wednesday.
"The isolation of the DPRK during the COVID-19 pandemic means the isolation of ordinary people who are already subject to patterns of serious human rights violations," Special Rapporteur, Tomás Ojea Quintana said.
Addressing the Geneva-based forum on the situation in North Korea, he said that the DPRK “continues to strictly enforce its anti-epidemic measures”, highlighting that unconfirmed reports that the authorities have authorised the police to shoot on sight "at any person attempting to cross the country's borders”.
The country has yet to report confirmed cases of COVID-19. Since last year it imposed the closure of its borders, bans on most international travel and severely restricted travel within the country.
According to the Special Rapporteur – an independent expert appointed by the Council for a three-year unpaid mandate - “several cases of severe punishment against those breaking anti-epidemic prevention measures have been reported by media”.
These prolonged measures have also resulted in “a drastic decline in trade and commercial activities and severe economic hardship to the general population, causing increased food insecurity”.
Instead of a peaceful end to the conflict on the Korean peninsula, “humanitarian operations inside the country have nearly come to a halt, only three international humanitarian workers currently remain inside the country, and diplomatic presence has drastically reduced”.
Given these conditions, the independent expert highlighted the importance of providing entry points and authorising access to the country, including the UN-partnered equitable vaccine-distribution initiative, COVAX.
“According to the WHO (World Health Organization), the DPR Korea had tested 13,259 people for COVID-19, and all the results were negative partly due to the Government’s proactive efforts on prevention,” he said. “The Government applied to join the COVAX scheme, a welcome approach to international cooperation. The country is expected to receive 1,992,000 doses of the AstraZeneca/Oxford Vaccine in the first half of 2021 under this initiative.”
Mr. Quintana maintained that it was time for the Security Council to decide on the referral of the DPRK situation to the International Criminal Court.
There was no response from DPRK, which was absent from the discussion.
- Exterior wide shot, United Nations flag flying.
- Wide shot, Assembly Hall briefing
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“The time has come for the Security Council to decide on the referral of the situation of the Democratic People’s Republic of Korea to the International Criminal Court, as it has been repeatedly encouraged by this Honorable Human Rights Council and the General Assembly.” - Wide of panel at the Assembly Hall briefing
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“According to the WHO, the DPR Korea had tested 13,259 people for COVID-19, and all the results were negative partly due to the Government’s proactive efforts on prevention. The Government applied to join the COVAX scheme, a welcome approach to international cooperation. The country is expected to receive 1,992,000 doses of the AstraZeneca/Oxford Vaccine in the first half of 2021 under this initiative.” - Mid side view of panel at the Assembly Hall briefing
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“DPR Korea continues to strictly implement its anti-epidemic measures. Unconfirmed reports indicated that officials have authorized law enforcement agencies to “shoot on sight” anyone attempting to cross the country’s borders. Several cases of severe punishment against those breaking anti-epidemic prevention measures have been reported by media.” - Mid of panel at the Assembly Hall briefing
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“Prolonged COVID-19 prevention measures have resulted in a drastic decline in trade and commercial activities and severe economic hardship to the general population, causing increased food insecurity.” - Wide of Special Rapporteur on screen speaking to Assembly Hall briefing
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“Humanitarian operations inside the country have nearly come to a halt, only three international humanitarian workers (two UN and one NGO staff) currently remain inside the country, and diplomatic presence has drastically reduced.” - Close of digital clock counting down
- SOUNDBITE: (ENGLISH) Tomás Ojea Quintana, Special Rapporteur:
“The isolation of the DPR Korea during the COVID-19 pandemic means the isolation of ordinary people who are already subject to patterns of serious human rights abuses. Providing entry points for the authorities to gradually open up dialogue and grant access to the country is critical, especially when the Government is exceptionally cautious and reluctant to discuss human rights.” - Mid of panel at the Assembly Hall briefing
- Wide of Assembly Hall
- Close of speaker at briefing
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The key findings from WMO’s State of Global Water Resources 2025 report covering the hydrological cycle and extreme events in the five-year period to last year:
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Groundwater reserves are equally stretched and have been in decline since 2014, WMO’s report states, with nearly two-thirds of monitored wells worldwide showing levels lower than the historical norm and indicating a shift “further toward deficit…not recovery”.
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Glaciers disappearing
In 2025, for the fourth consecutive year, every major glaciated region on Earth lost ice mass, leading to short-term hazards including floods and long-term water insecurity, according to WMO.
Responding to a question about whether the changing global water cycle might have contributed to the deadly Nepal-China flooding disaster, Ms. Saulo explained that melting ice and rock was just one factor in the chain of events that ultimately sent a massive and deadly wall of water and debris downstream on 26 August, killing at least 1,367 people.
“You asked if it could happen again? Absolutely; the problem in this region is that there’s 63,700 glaciers at the last count,” she told a Press Conference in Geneva. “Even if you’re looking with remote sensing with satellites at these glaciers, you might see some faults, you might see some slight shifting, that does not mean necessarily catastrophic collapse. So, in order to plan for this, it’s very, very difficult. But the international community is looking very hard at ways in which we can bring people together to solve some of these monitoring issues.”
Data indicates that glaciers shrank between 2023 and 2025 with cumulative losses of 1,400 gigatonnes of water – or about one third of annual fresh water needs.
Every major glacier region on Earth lost ice for the fourth consecutive year.
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